ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN WATER FROM CITARUM WATERSHED IN WEST JAVA

Gurdani Yogisutanti, Nur Intan Hayati

##article.abstract##


Background: Water pollution is caused by industrial waste that is not treated well. Fish that live in it will be polluted by heavy metals contents that are harmful to human health. Lack of public awareness will aggravate those condition. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the levels of pollutant contents (Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Hg) in pond water and rivers in the Citarum River Basin. Methods: Heavy metal level examination is done by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) method to find out pollutant content in pond water and river water. The pool water samples were taken from several points in the Ciganitri area while the river water samples were taken in the Cikapundung area. Results: Contents of contaminants in river water as follows: Cu (0.0237±0.0014) mg/L, Pb (0.0038±0.0032) mg/L, Cd (0.00013±5,7x10-5) mg/L, Cr (0.0042±0.0004) mg/L, and Hg (0.0012±0.0011) mg/L, while the contaminant contents in pond water are: Cu (0.030267±0.0112) mg/L, Pb (0.0025±0.0025) mg/L, Cd (3.3x10-5±5.7x10-5) mg/L, Cr (0.0272±0.0344) mg/L, and Hg (0.0006±0.0008) mg/L. Cu pollutants in pond water and river has exceeded the threshold in the river water exceeding the standard grade water quality threshold, so has the level of Hg in river water. Levels of contaminants Cu and Cr in pond water is higher than river water, although both of them are under the threshold. Conclusions: Water from river and pond in Citarum watershed contain contaminants Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Hg, but only Cu and Cr contents is exceeding the standard quality threshold. The metal content in the river can be derived from industrial waste disposal along the Citarum river basin. It is suggested to the relevant agencies to conduct counseling about the dangers of heavy metals on health, as well as for the community, especially the industry to be more concerned about the environmental conditions and not to dispose of waste into the river that can cause water and fish contamination in it

##article.subject##


Citarum, Cu (Cuprum), Heavy metals, Hg (Mercury), Pb (Plumbum)

Full Text:

PDF

References


Clarkson, T. (2002). The three modern faces of mercury. Environmental Health Perspective , 11-23.

Darmono. (2001). Lingkungan Hidup dan Pencemaran. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.

Fardiaz, S. (1995). Polusi Air dan Udara. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.

Haileslassie, T., & Gebremedhin, K. (2015). Hazards of Heavy Metal Contaminaton In Ground Water. International Journal of technology Enhancement and Emerging Engineering Research , 1-6.

Hem, J. (1980). Redox coprecipitation mechanisms of manganese oxides . Washington DC: American Chemical Society.

Heriyanto, N. (2011). Kandungan Logam Berat pada Tumbuhan, Tanah, Ikan dan Udang di Hutan Mangrove . Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Mangrove , Vol 8 (4), 197-205.

Kariada, N., & Martuti, T. (2012). Kandungan Logam Berat Cu dalam Ikan Bandeng, Studi Kasus di Tambak Wilayah Tapak Semarang. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan , (pp. 88-94). Semarang.

Martine, S., & Griswold, W. (2009). Human Health Effects of Heavy Metals. Mahhattan: Center for Hazardous Substance Research.

Miller, T. G. (2007). Living in The Environment: Principle, Connection and Solutions. Singapura: Thompson Brooks/Cole.

Moumita, P., Santinath, G., Madhumita, M., & Mahua, G. (2012). Methyl mercury in fish- a case study on various samples collected from Ganges river at West Bengal. Environmental Monit Assess , 3407-3414.

Palar, H. (2004). Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat. Jakarta: Penerbit Rineka Cipta.

Plaa, G. (2007). Introduction to toxicology: Occupational & Environmental. In Katzung B. G. (ed): Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 10th Ed (International Ed). Boston, New York: Mc Graw Hill.

Sardar, K., Ali, S., Hameed, S., Afzal, S., Fatima, S., Shakoor, M. B., et al. (2013). Heavy Metal Contamination and what are the Impacts on Living Organisms. Greener Journal of Environmenttal Management and Public Safety , 172-179.

Sudarwin. (2008). Analisis Spasial Pencemaran Logam Berat (Pb dan Cd) pada Sedimen Aliran Sungai dari Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Sampah Jatibarang Semarang. Semarang: Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.

Supriatno, & Lelifajri. (2009). Analisis Logam Berat Pb dan Cd pada Sampel Ikan dan Kerang secara Spektofotometri Serapan Atom . Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan , Vol 7 (1), 5-8.

Suruchi, & Khanna, P. (2011). Assessment of heavy metal contamination in different vegetables grow in and aroud urban areas. Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology , 162-179.

Taha, A. E.-M., & El-Haddad, I. (2004). Pollution Sources and Related Environmental Impacts in the New Communities Southeast Nile Delta, Egypt. Mansoura, Egypt: Departement of Geology, Faculty of Science.

Widowati, W. (2008). Efek Toksik Logam Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Pencemaran. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.

Wirespathi, E. A., Raharjo, & Budijastuti, W. (2012). Pengaruh Kromium Heksavalen (VI) terhadap Tingkat Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Nila (oreochromis niloticus) . LenteraBio , Vol 1(2), 75-79.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


##submission.license.cc.by4.footer##